Protections against data leaks are implemented.

The organization has defined a process for addressing identified technical vulnerabilities.

Some vulnerabilities can be fixed directly, but vulnerabilities that have a significant impact should also be documented as security incidents. Once a vulnerability with significant impacts has been identified:

• risks related to the vulnerability and the necessary actions are identified (e.g. patching the system or other management tasks)
• necessary actions are scheduled
• all actions taken are documented

When the confidentiality of backups is important, backups are protected by encryption. The need to encrypt backups may become highlighted when backups are stored in a physical location where security policies are unknown.

The employment contracts specify the responsibilities of the employee and the organization for cyber security.

Contracts should include e.g.:

• the employee's legal responsibilities and rights, such as those related to copyright or data protection law
• the employee's responsibility for following the instructions, e.g. related to the use of hardware and data and the classification of information
• the employee's or temporary employee's responsibility for processing information received from other companies or other parties
• measures if the employee or temporary worker violates the safety requirements of the organization
• continuing obligations after termination of employment

All employees handling confidential information should sign a confidentiality or non-disclosure agreement before processing confidential information.

The confidentiality commitment should include, among other things:

• a clear definition of confidential information
• the expected duration of the commitment
• required actions when the commitment is terminated
• the responsibilities and actions of signatories to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information
• ownership of information, trade secrets, and intellectual property and how this relates to the protection of confidential information
• permissible use of confidential information and the signatory's rights to use the information
• the right to audit and monitor activities involving confidential information

The requirements and needs for confidentiality agreements are reviewed and updated at regular intervals.

The employment contract should distinguish between cyber security responsibilities and obligations that remain in force after the termination of the employment relationship. The employee should also be reminded of these at the end of the employment relationship to ensure compliance.

Data Loss Prevention (DLP) policies can be used to protect sensitive data from accidental or intentional disclosure. Policies can alert, for example, when they detect sensitive data (such as personal identification numbers or credit card numbers) in email or another data system to which they would not belong.

The organization defines DLP policies related to endpoints in a risk-based manner, taking into account the data classification of the processed data.