Incident management

All security incidents are addressed in a consistent manner to improve security based on what has happened.

In the incident treatment process:

• the reported incident is confirmed (or found unnecessary to record)
• the type and cause of incident is documented
• the risks associated with the incident are documented
• the risks are re-evaluated and treated if that is necessary after the incident
• risk mitigation measures or a decision their acceptance is documented
• people who need to be informed of the results of the incident treatment are identified (including external ones)
• possible need for a post-incident analysis is determined

The organization shall ensure that clear persons are assigned to incident management responsibilities, e.g. handling the first response for incidents.

Incident management personnel need to be instructed and trained to understand the organization's priorities in dealing with security incidents.

A process for reporting incidents is maintained to help staff report incidents efficiently and consistently.

Things to report as an incident include e.g.:

• unauthorized access to data / premises
• action against security guidelines
• suspected security issue (e.g. phishing, malware infection)
• data system outage
• accidental or intentional destruction / alteration of data
• lost or stolen device
• compromised password
• lost physical identifier (e.g. keychain, smart card, smart sticker)
• suspected security weakness (e.g. on utilized data system or other procedures)

The personnel guidelines emphasize the obligation to report security incidents as soon as possible in accordance with the agreed process. The instructions also describe other operations in the event of an incident (e.g. recording seen error messages and other details).

The organization shall define the procedures for reporting security breaches in the supply chain. The process must take into account all kinds of roles in the supply chain, whether we are the customer of the end product or one supplier in the chain.

Policies shall take into account agreements with partners and customers and their commitments regarding the reporting obligations of both parties.

The organization has defined a process and the team involved in responding promptly to security incidents and deciding on the appropriate actions.

The first level response process includes at least:

• effectively seeking to confirm the identified incident
• deciding on the need for immediate response

The knowledge gained from analyzing and resolving security incidents should be used to reduce the likelihood of future incidents and their impact.

The organization regularly analyzes incidents as a whole. This process examines the type, amount and cost of incidents with the aim of identifying recurrent and significant incidents that need more action.

If recurrent incidents requiring response are identified, based on them:

• new management tasks are created or current ones expanded
• security guidelines in this area are refined or extended
• a case example of the incident is created that is used to train staff to respond to or avoid similar incidents